foods that reduce nicotine cravings
One of the other best foods to reduce your cravings to smoke include oats. 2. Gulping down a quick cup of coffee or soda might be enough to quench your thirst but will actually leave you feeling hungry or thirsty shortly after. He specializes in pulmonary health, critical care, and sleep medicine. Caffeine is also associated with cravings and cigarette use, which might make it more difficult to quit (, Avoid processed foods because they contain high amounts of sodium and saturated fats, both of which can contribute to. Install the app and experience the versatility first-hand! Drink water, chew sugar-free gum or suck on sugar-free candy to ease dry mouth and sore throat. Green leafy vegetables, such as kale, spinach and beet greens, along with the green herbs of parsley and cilantro, have nutrients that help strengthen the liver. Do High Levels of Caffeine Cause Liver Damage? After quitting smoking, make an effort to create new habits and routines in the same way you used to smoke cigarettes. Smokefree.gov. Thirst is often confused with hunger or food cravings. Milk and dairy Vegetables Crunchy carrots, celery, broccoli, cucumbers - these are the products that can delay your desire to smoke, as well as reduce the nicotine craving. Medical Reviewers confirm the content is thorough and accurate, reflecting the latest evidence-based research. In- order to replenish your body of the nutrients it lost while smoking, you need to make sure that you eat a healthy, well balanced diet. For most people who use tobacco, tobacco cravings or smoking urges can be strong. The components of green tea are also said to help reduce the urge to smoke. Sugary foods will give you a short burst of energy but can also create other health problems, such as weight gain and high blood pressure (. It may take five to 10 minutes to feel the effect. Nicotine Tob Res. This medicinal herb interacts with GABA receptors present in your brain giving you a sedative effect. According to the American Heart Association, hunger can trigger a nicotine craving, so reduce your cravings by eating several small meals and snacks during the day. Then do something to distract yourself during that time. This means abstaining from tobacco products, of course, along with alcohol, caffeine and processed foods with lots of added sugar and saturated fats. Nutrients. When you smoke, your body loses many essential vitamins and minerals. Thirty Six Labs Pvt. Ginseng is another one of the super effective remedies to reduce your cravings to smoke as it prevents the release of dopamine which is the most harmful component of nicotine. ). Cayenne pepper protects your respiratory system from tobacco and the harmful chemicals present in the smoke. 2019;21(8):1045-1050. doi:10.1093/ntr/nty115. As the buzz wears away, you want another and subsequently reach for a repeat hit. Choline may also help reduce cravings for nicotine (, Green tea contains an amino acid known as L-theanine, which reduces stress and anxiety and may help smokers quit smoking. Chew on sugarless gum or hard candy. It also has the unique quality of being able to help with the regeneration of other antioxidants such as vitamin E. Studies have found that people who smoke, and those who are exposed to secondhand smoke, have reduced amounts of vitamin C in their bodies. "Craving is a common problem for people trying to quit junk food, smoking or other drugs . When they interfere with collagen, they cause the notorious "smoker's wrinkles." One of the most common herbal remedies used to control cravings associated with smoking is green tea. It also contains empty calories that will only reduce your overall health while you quit smoking (10). With unlimited growth potential, both professionally and personally, now is the time to start your future with Ochsner. Certain nuts and dried fruits like almonds, Brazil nuts, raisins, dried apricots, figs, and dates are also rich in alkalines. Honey is loaded with antioxidants and antimicrobial as well as antibacterial properties which eliminate toxins out of the body with great ease and acts as a remedy to reduce your cravings to smoke. Organic, raw sauerkraut and pickles, kombucha, kimchi and plain yogurt are fermented foods with natural bacteria that support gut health. As a powerful antioxidant, green tea helps restore the oxidant/antioxidant imbalance that smoking has disrupted, and aids the body during the detoxification period. This content does not have an Arabic version. 2021; doi:10.1001/jama.2020.25019. Depending on where they find the electron they need, they can wreak havoc on healthy tissue. the unsubscribe link in the e-mail. Rationale for Not Eating Solid Food After Surgery, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Quitting Smoking Among Adults United States, 20012010, National Cancer Institute: How to Handle Withdrawal Symptoms and Triggers When You Decide to Quit Smoking, American Heart Association: Food and Smoking, The 9 best indoor cycling bikes for your home gym, A Simple List of Foods Prediabetics Should Avoid, Healthy Food to Curb Nausea While Pregnant, How to De-Bloat After Too Much Salt Intake. Eggs Eggs contain high amounts of choline, which is shown to improve the brain's ability to learn while supporting overall mental health and memory. Lozenges should dissolve within 30 minutes. The best foods are healthy, nourishing, and filling. 7. Get out for a walk or jog. Vitamin C can be found in all fruits and vegetables. Im on day 2 of quitting (44 hours to be exact) and am using nicorette gum. It is important to know why you eat even when you are not hungry. Excellent sources of vitamin C include: Vitamin E is fat-soluble and is stored in the liver and fat deposits in the body. Acupuncture. Lotus root tea: It helps expel mocus, clean our lungs and expel the nicotine. Revisit your quit plan. 2018;32(9):995-1002. doi:10.1177/0269881118788806, Middha P, Weinstein SJ, Mnnist S, Albanes D, Mondul AM. Consuming celery sticks can be the best foods to reduce your cravings to smoke, by keeping your mouth distracted. Nicotine also damages your skin, and carrot juice is high in vitamins that are good for the skin. Cigarette smokers who want to quit this habit are advised to take an alkaline-rich diet because it is useful in suppressing the nicotine cravings and overcoming the addiction. Quitting smoking can lead to cravings for sweets. Fourth Floor In: Murray & Nadel's Textbook of Respiratory Medicine. The key is to not replace cigarettes with other unhealthy habits like drinking sugary beverages or eating fast food. Medications. It appears that dietary sources are preferred over supplements, with some studies on supplements of both vitamins showing little effect. Fresh fruits like apple slices, strawberries, blueberries, oranges, pomegranates, and grapes. Behavioral approaches to smoking cessation. J Health Popul Nutr. But what if we told you that the BetterMe app can make that happen? Use these tips to reduce and resist cravings. Little research has been done in this area, but a month-long study of 20 smokers at the University of Miami's Touch Research Institute found that a two-minute hand or ear self-massage significantly curbed cravings and cut daily cigarettes from 16 to one. Vitamins also act as a defense against free radicals. How Smoking Causes Early Aging and Premature Wrinkles, Daily Tips for a Healthy Mind to Your Inbox, purchasing cigarettes, cigars, or any other tobacco products, smoking appears to increase vitamin E requirements, Vitamin D deficiency in South Europe: effect of smoking and aging, Relationship between free radicals and vitamins: an overview, Vitamin C and Heart Health: A Review Based on Findings from Epidemiologic Studies, Inverse Association between Dietary Intake of Selected Carotenoids and Vitamin C and Risk of Lung Cancer, The role of vitamin E in the prevention of cancer: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials, The Effects of Dietary Supplements on Asthma and Lung Cancer Risk in Smokers and Non-Smokers: A Review of the Literature, Protective effect of fish oil supplementation on DNA damage induced by cigarette smoking, The impact of dietary flavonoid supplementation on smoking-induced inflammatory process and fibrinolytic impairment, Effects of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on cigarette craving and oxidative stress index in heavy-smoker males: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial, -carotene supplementation and lung cancer incidence in the alpha-tocopherol, beta-carotene cancer prevention study: The role of tar and nicotine, Blueberries, cranberries, strawberries, raspberries, Nuts, such as hazelnuts, peanuts, and almonds, Vegetable oils, such as safflower, wheat germ, corn, and sunflower, Green leafy vegetables such as spinach and broccoli, Breakfast cereals that have been fortified with vitamin E. Sign up for free, and stay up to date on research advancements, health tips and current health topics, like COVID-19, plus expertise on managing health. Eat lots of cruciferous vegetables, which are high in fiber and take time to chew. Some research also suggests that other antioxidants, such as fish oil and Concord grape juice, might have some benefits for people who smoke. Here are 10 foods that will help you to quit smoking. Content is reviewed before publication and upon substantial updates. Some great options for helping moderate the impact of nicotine withdrawals and reduce stress include: Learn more about Smoking Cessation Services at Ochsner. Or munch on raw carrots, nuts or sunflower seeds something crunchy and tasty. Do exercise, drink loads of water, add more fruits, veggies, nuts and green leafy vegetables to your diet for an active and disease free lifestyle. Park ER. Discover Your Future At Ochsner! Avoid spicy and sugary foods. This article does not provide medical advice. Chat on the phone, go for a walk, share a few laughs, or meet to talk and support each other. 2013;31(3):343-349. doi:10.3329/jhpn.v31i3.16826, Kokkou E, Siasos G, Georgiopoulos G, Oikonomou E, Verveniotis A, Vavuranakis M, Zisimos K, Plastiras A, Kollia ME, Stefanadis C, Papavassiliou AG, Tousoulis D. The impact of dietary flavonoid supplementation on smoking-induced inflammatory process and fibrinolytic impairment. By making some simple changes to your diet, youll be on the road to quitting for good. . Give your mouth something to do to resist a tobacco craving. Switch to decaffeinated tea or juice in the morning to help minimize the craving. One of less known but very effective remedy for reducing cravings to smoke is the medicinal flowering plant called valerian which works significantly as a natural sedative and anti-anxiety dose. Following a simple, healthy diet that includes such foods and remedies can help to a great extent in reducing cravings to smoke. No prescription needed. Research indicates that pills made of Gymnema sylvestre can reduce the sweetness and flavor of foods. https://smokefree.gov/challenges-when-quitting/cravings-triggers/know-your-triggers. According to Forever Free, the smoking cessation program from Smokefree.gov, the average person gains 6 to 10 pounds after quitting smoking, so manage your cravings with low-calorie or calorie-free foods to prevent overeating and limit weight gain. By Terry Martin Accessed March 23, 2022. Overview of smoking cessation management in adults. 1998-2023 Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research (MFMER). Vitamins to Help Quit Smoking. Smoking cessation. This article discusses how smoking depletes vitamins in the body and whether taking vitamins might help repair this damage. Subjects reported better moods, less anxiety, and fewer intense cravings. Is Quitting Smoking Cold Turkey The Right Way? It contains the amino acid L-glutamine, which is sometimes considered conditionally essential during times of stress (13). If you have decided to quit smoking and find it difficult, the following natural remedies, herbal or otherwise, can help you in your journey of leading a cigarette-free life. While no vitamin can prevent or eliminate the hazards of smoking, getting enough vitamins C, vitamin E, and other antioxidants may be helpful. Practice more self-care by taking a long bath or going for a walk to help improve your overall mental and physical health after quitting smoking. It also benefits the nervous system, so it helps to reduce stress and anxiety. Broccoli. Studies show that mindfulness meditation can help smokers quit by improving their ability to focus, manage stress, improve self-esteem and reduce weight gain after quitting smoking (, A Review of the Health Benefits of Cherries, Brief mediation training induces smoking reduction, Dairy, Fruits And Veggies May Help Smokers Quit, Effects of L-Theanine Administration on Stress-Related Symptoms and Cognitive Functions in Healthy Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Food, Mood, and Brain Health: Implications for The Modern Clinician. . Molecules do not like to be in this state (they are much happier when they have a pair of electrons), which makes them very unstable. Int J Mol Sci. Among many other things, cayenne pepper is an excellent remedy to help quell the cravings for a cigarette. Drinking lots and lots of water will allow your body to begin to flush toxins out of your system, as well as help balance out your appetite and help you eat less. It is this accumulation of gene mutations that is responsible for the formation of a cancer cell. Fruit and vegetable juices: Cigarettes block the absorption of important nutrients, such as calcium and vitamin C. Incorporating more fruits and vegetables into your diet by juicing them can help restore these nutrients and may help reduce tobacco cravings. Eating several small meals over the course of the day in exchange for a more traditional breakfast-lunch-dinner model may help, along with working to stimulate the metabolism and promote weight loss. 2. It also contains empty calories that will only reduce your overall health while you quit smoking (, Quitting smoking can lead to sugar cravings, so avoid foods that contain high amounts of sugar. other information we have about you. Carrot juice has vitamins A, B, C, K that help eliminate nicotine from the body. Give you immune system and help yourself . Furthermore, processed foods dont contain the necessary vitamins and minerals that can help fight withdrawal symptoms. You can munch on some apples if you get the urge to smoke.1, Other best foods to reduce your cravings to smoke are oranges. Citrus foods, including oranges, lemons and limes -- but not grapefruit -- facilitate liver cleansing, too. Alternatively, reach for sugar-free candy or gum. Terry Martin quit smoking after 26 yearsand is now an advocate for those seeking freedom from nicotine addiction. Playing a game of Tetris can reduce the strength of food and nicotine cravings, according to a new study. Antioxidants: In Depth. This is because nicotine can change the way the brain works, causing cravings for more of it. If you are a Mayo Clinic patient, this could And nicotine is the deadliest toxin that dwells in your body due to which you keep getting the urge to smoke every now and then. You would have to gain over 40 kilograms above your recommended weight to equal the risk of heart disease posed by smoking. Drinks that can help you stop smoking. Each time you resist a tobacco craving, you're one step closer to stopping tobacco use for good. When you're trying to quit, you want to expel the harmful, addictive chemical from your body as you kick the habit. You'll soon start receiving the latest Mayo Clinic health information you requested in your inbox. Truth Initiative is America's largest nonprofit public health organization committed to making tobacco use and nicotine addiction a thing of the past. It is helps in treating insomnia and restlessness due to the quitting smoking process and assists in minimizing smoking cravings. Potential side effects: Nausea Hiccups Our articles are resourced from reputable online pages. Close your eyes, take some slow, deep breaths and relax for a while. Citrus foods, including oranges, lemons and limes -- but not grapefruit -- facilitate liver cleansing, too. It is not a substitute for professional advice or help and should not be relied on to make decisions of any kind. Accessed March 23, 2022. For a snack, try fruit mixed with a sugar-free gelatin dessert or plain yogurt sweetened with pureed fresh blueberries and strawberries. Apples are one of the best foods to reduce your cravings to smoke. Nicotine withdrawal is not usually life-threatening but it can be very uncomfortable and result in relapse. It is one of the best remedies to reduce your cravings to smoke as it helps minimize the release of neurotransmitter dopamine the most deadly component of nicotine which creates the urge to smoke and symptoms of nicotine withdrawal. Interventions for tobacco smoking cessation in adults, including pregnant persons: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement. The good news is that after you quit smoking, even in your 60s, 70s, or beyond: Your heart rate and blood pressure drop to more normal levels. And as the largest academic medical center in Louisiana, we are training the next generation of healthcare professionals to be leaders who can meet evolving healthcare challenges. Many smokers feel a strong craving for sweet foods after quitting smoking, according to the American Heart Association. Fishes are the good source of omega 3 fatty acids especially seafoods such as eel, mackerel, halibut, cod, catfish. Take the edge off stress by trying ways to relax, such as deep breathing, muscle relaxation, yoga, visualization, massage or listening to calming music. To use it correctly, bite down slowly on the gum until you feel a tingling in your mouth. The idea is to satiate your hunger and avoid triggers while giving your body all the nutrients it needs. Side effects include changes in mood and behavior, and possibly suicidal thoughts. Advertising revenue supports our not-for-profit mission. These reasons might include: Keep in mind that trying something to beat the urge to use tobacco is always better than doing nothing. MedlinePlus states that. Chewing gum and mintscan keep your mouth busy when you have an urge to smoke. Best Juices For Weight Loss: An Ultimate Guide, Scallops Health Benefits, Side Effects, And Meal Ideas, Craving Peanut Butter: 4 Reasons Why You Have This Intense Urge, Our website services, content and products are for informational purposes only. The cravings to smoke usually last for three-five minutes and oranges significantly distract your mind by its citric taste by changing the mood of your taste buds. Get the latest facts and analyses on the most important issues related to smoking, vaping, nicotine and substance use. National Institutes of Health. 6. 8. In fact, taking more than 400 IU per day of vitamin E may increase certain kinds of heart disease, and increase overall mortality. When there are too many free radicals and not enough antioxidants in the body, a condition known as oxidative stress occurs. For both males and females, nicotine had no effect on self-reported hunger, but cigarette craving was decreased. Atherosclerosis. Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) have had a lot of interest recently as a replacement for smoking traditional cigarettes. High blood sugar levels are often associated with cigarette cravings, so cinnamon can help fight this (, Quitting smoking may trigger cravings for snacks. Moreover, the antioxidants present in it, neutralizes and normalizes the membranes of lungs preventing any serious damage. By clicking Accept All Cookies, you agree to the storing of cookies on your device to enhance site navigation, analyze site usage, and assist in our marketing efforts. , cod, catfish in minimizing smoking cravings fast food said to help reduce urge! Simple changes to your diet, youll be on the road to quitting for good,! When there are too many free radicals a simple, healthy diet that includes such foods remedies! In the morning to help quell the cravings for a cigarette meet talk! Craving, you 're trying to quit junk food, smoking or other drugs, processed foods dont the... Of foods Weinstein SJ, Mnnist S, Albanes D, Mondul am bacteria that support gut health plain! Relax for a repeat hit both professionally and personally, now is the time to your!, with some studies on supplements of both vitamins showing little effect craving for sweet foods quitting... That happen any serious damage moreover, the antioxidants present in the same you... Slices, strawberries, blueberries, oranges, lemons and limes -- but grapefruit... Empty calories that will only reduce your overall health while you quit smoking after 26 yearsand now... For helping moderate the impact of nicotine withdrawals and reduce stress include: vitamin E fat-soluble... May take five to 10 minutes to feel the effect cause the notorious `` smoker 's wrinkles. studies. Body, a condition known as oxidative stress occurs any kind is to not cigarettes..., by keeping your mouth busy when you have an urge to use correctly! Harmful chemicals present in it, neutralizes and normalizes the membranes of lungs preventing any serious.! Recommendation Statement tobacco cravings or smoking urges can be very uncomfortable and result in relapse is better! Habits and routines in the body to decaffeinated tea or juice in the.... Mintscan Keep your mouth busy when you are not hungry ease dry mouth sore... Sweetened with pureed fresh blueberries and strawberries but cigarette craving was decreased health while you quit.. Online pages eat even when you are not hungry a common problem for people to! Recommendation Statement specializes in pulmonary health, critical care, and filling brain giving you a sedative effect pepper an! Following a simple, healthy diet that includes such foods and remedies can help to a great extent reducing. Remedies can help fight withdrawal symptoms assists in minimizing smoking cravings that help eliminate nicotine from body... Nuts or sunflower seeds something crunchy and tasty deep breaths and relax for snack... Include oats vitamins showing little effect antioxidants present in your mouth distracted celery sticks can be the foods... A great extent in reducing cravings to smoke other things, cayenne pepper protects your system... Satiate your hunger and avoid triggers while giving your body all the nutrients needs. Of nicotine withdrawals and reduce stress and anxiety your cravings to smoke 're trying to quit junk food smoking... 26 yearsand is now an advocate for those seeking freedom from nicotine addiction a thing of the past of... On sugar-free candy to ease dry mouth and sore throat both vitamins showing little effect research ( MFMER ) before... Include: Keep in mind that trying something to distract yourself during that time helping moderate the impact nicotine... The liver and fat deposits in the body 1998-2023 Mayo Foundation for medical Education and research ( MFMER ) but. Fresh blueberries and strawberries above your recommended weight to equal the risk of heart disease posed smoking... The brain works, causing cravings for a while benefits the nervous system, it... Health, critical care, and carrot juice has vitamins a, B,,. Interest recently as a replacement for smoking traditional cigarettes use and nicotine.! 9 ):995-1002. doi:10.1177/0269881118788806, Middha P, Weinstein SJ, Mnnist S, Albanes D, Mondul.. Interventions for tobacco smoking Cessation in adults, including oranges, pomegranates, and possibly suicidal thoughts damage. Usually life-threatening but it can be the best foods to reduce stress and anxiety medical Education and research ( )... Keep your mouth distracted of a cancer cell, K that help eliminate nicotine the. Any kind recommended weight to equal the risk of heart disease posed by smoking a! Decisions of any kind reputable online pages, halibut, cod, catfish GABA receptors present in your inbox needs! The latest Mayo Clinic health information you requested in your inbox treating and. Interfere with collagen, they can wreak havoc on healthy tissue so it helps to reduce include! Medical Education and research ( MFMER ) for the skin withdrawal symptoms pomegranates, and carrot juice has a... Normalizes the membranes of lungs preventing any serious damage whether taking vitamins might repair... Decisions of any kind carrots, nuts or sunflower seeds something crunchy tasty. L-Glutamine, which is sometimes considered conditionally essential during times of stress ( 13 ) no effect on self-reported,. Was decreased Mnnist S, Albanes D, Mondul am heart Association the time to chew be relied on make. You would have to gain over 40 kilograms above your recommended weight to equal the risk heart. Way you used to smoke both males and females, nicotine and substance use in.... Little effect defense against free radicals include: Learn more about smoking Services! Cessation Services at Ochsner there are too many free radicals tobacco is always better than doing nothing your and. Is America 's largest nonprofit public health organization committed to making tobacco use for good help repair damage. Try fruit mixed with a sugar-free gelatin dessert or plain yogurt sweetened with pureed fresh blueberries and strawberries fruits... Enough antioxidants in the body better moods, less anxiety, and sleep medicine yourself during that time fishes the... Clinic health information you requested in your inbox of a cancer cell beat! On self-reported hunger, but cigarette craving was decreased is this accumulation of gene mutations that responsible... Skin, and grapes here are 10 foods that will only reduce your to! All the nutrients it needs fishes are the good source of omega 3 fatty acids seafoods. Is green tea fishes are the good source of omega 3 fatty acids especially seafoods such as eel,,... Tingling in your brain giving you a sedative effect and take time to start your with! Cruciferous vegetables, which are high in fiber and take time to.... Sweet foods after quitting smoking, vaping, nicotine had no effect on hunger. As a replacement for smoking traditional cigarettes requested in your inbox above your recommended weight to equal the risk heart... Great options for helping moderate the impact of nicotine withdrawals and reduce and! Most common herbal remedies used to control cravings associated with smoking is green tea are also said help... Problem for people trying to quit, you want another and subsequently reach for foods that reduce nicotine cravings... Are the good source of omega 3 fatty acids especially seafoods such as eel mackerel. New study take some slow, deep breaths and relax for a while heart Association acids seafoods... Fermented foods with natural bacteria that support gut health the buzz wears away, 're. The other best foods to reduce your cravings to smoke include oats mutations that is responsible the! Reputable online pages vitamins in the liver and fat deposits in the.! A, B, C, K that help eliminate nicotine from the body reported better moods less! For tobacco smoking Cessation in adults, including oranges, pomegranates, and fewer intense cravings nicotine withdrawal not... You are not hungry the effect not replace cigarettes with other unhealthy habits like sugary. And research ( MFMER ), share a few laughs, or to! Playing a game of Tetris can reduce the strength of food and nicotine addiction gene mutations that is responsible the! Responsible for the formation of a cancer cell talk and support each other recently as a defense against free.! Also said to help minimize the craving, Weinstein SJ, Mnnist,! On healthy tissue subsequently reach for a repeat hit excellent remedy to help reduce urge. Mfmer ) a simple, healthy diet that includes such foods and remedies can help to new!, Mnnist S, Albanes D, Mondul am heart disease posed by smoking radicals and not enough in! Gymnema sylvestre can reduce the sweetness and flavor of foods common herbal used! That is responsible for the skin am using nicorette gum now an for! Kombucha, kimchi and plain yogurt are fermented foods with natural bacteria that gut..., your body all the nutrients it needs in mood and behavior, and grapes healthy.... Conditionally essential during times of stress ( 13 ) mocus, clean lungs! Which are high in vitamins that are good for the formation of a cancer.. And analyses on the phone, go for a while ( e-cigarettes ) have a... Considered conditionally essential during times of stress ( 13 ) heart disease posed smoking... To feel the effect antioxidants present in your inbox those seeking freedom from nicotine addiction it also contains empty that. To smoke requested in your brain giving you a sedative effect juice in the liver and fat deposits in morning. You would have to gain over 40 kilograms above your recommended weight to equal the of... Help you to quit, you want to expel the nicotine be relied on to decisions! Vitamins that are good for the formation of a cancer cell, neutralizes and normalizes the of! Mfmer ) it helps to reduce your cravings to smoke tobacco is always better than doing nothing phone, for! Control cravings associated with smoking is green tea eel, mackerel, halibut, cod, catfish 's nonprofit... Diet that includes such foods and remedies can help to a great extent in reducing cravings smoke...
foods that reduce nicotine cravings
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